Tumours can occur in both the major and minor salivary glands. The minor salivary glands line the mucosa of the lips, tongue, oral cavity. Minor salivary gland tumors are most commonly located in the oral cavity, particularly the hard palate, and less commonly in the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and larynx. Most salivary gland tumors are benign that is, they are not cancer. Intraoral minor salivary gland tumors constitute both benign and malignant tumors of the minor salivary glands. You have three pairs of major salivary glands under and behind your jaw parotid, sublingual and submandibular. Of 221 patients with salivary gland tumours, 56 patients with msgt were selected. Hyaluronan and cd44 expression in minor salivary gland tumors.
The sex distribution for salivary gland cancers is equal, and the majority of the cases arise in the sixth decade. Palatal minor salivary glands are the most common anatomic subsite affected by these tumors. Characteristics of 5015 salivary gland neoplasms registered in the. Minor salivary gland tumours of upper aerodigestive tract.
Pathology outlines salivary gland carcinoma general. They do not generally invade adjacent tissues or metastasize, but they can continue to grow and become deforming. Overall, most salivary gland tumors are benign and can be. A retrospective study of specific cases diagnosed as benign and malignant tumors of the minor salivary glands. They are small and unnamed salivary glandular tissue scattered throughout the oral cavity and oropharynx as well as more widely in the mucosa of the aerodigestive tract they number in the hundreds and are important because salivary gland tumors can arise from them just as from the major salivary glands. The minor salivary gland tumors msgts may be present in individuals of a wide age range including children and adults. The incidence of salivary gland neoplasms as a whole is approximately 5. Minor salivary gland tumors are a subtype of salivary gland tumors originating from the minor salivary glands, which are found in the lips, tongue, hard palate, and the mucosa of the oropharynx and larynx, among other locations epidemiology. Cancers that develop here often form tiny mucousfilled cysts. Salivary gland tumors an update american society for. Malignant minor salivary gland tumors of the larynx laryngology. Minor salivary gland tumors msgts are infrequent, accounting for 1015% of all salivary neoplasms, and are fundamentally located in the palate 50%, lips 15%. Methods a total number of 9 patients with epithelial tumors arising in major and minor.
Salivary gland neoplasms make up 6% of all head and neck tumors. Learn more about surgery for cancers that begin in the sublingual glands. The salivary glands are classified as major or minor. Minor salivary gland tumors most often start in the roof of the mouth.
Tumors of minor salivary glands e583 introduction salivary gland neoplasms represent less than 1% of all tumors, and 35% of all head and neck neoplasms. Seroustype acini of a parotid gland with dense secretory granules histologic section of a submaxillary gland. The salivary gland cancers account for approximately 6% percent of neoplasms of head. The most common malignant minor salivary gland tumors are adenoid cystic 32%69%. It is the most common benign salivary gland tumour in adults 7080% of all benign tumours of the major salivary glands and the third most common in the paediatric population.
There are many types of benign salivary gland tumors, with names such as adenomas. Minor salivary gland tumors med oral patol oral cir bucal. The majority of salivary gland tumors are benign, meaning they are not cancers. Approximately 75% of parotid gland tumors are benign, but less than half. Major and minor salivary gland tumors sciencedirect. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Minor salivary glands msg are numerous 700 to 900 exocrine glands, which are distributed in the submucosa of the oral cavity, nasopharynx, tonsils, hypopharynx, and larynx. Here you can find more information on the different types of salivary gland cancers. These are commonly seen in the cheek, palate, and lips. Malignancies with different degrees of aggressiveness may express different levels and patterns of ha and cd44. Tumors of the minor salivary glands represent a formidable group of neoplasms from the perspective of their clinical presentation, the establishment of a differential diagnosis and surgical treatment. Basal cell adenocarcinoma bcac is a rare neoplasm accounting for only 2.
Salivary gland tumors are a heterogeneous and rare group of lesions, especially when affecting the minor salivary glands. The prognosis of malignant tumors of minor salivary glands depends on the affected anatomic site, symptoms of nerve involvement, the stage of the disease, and particularly the histological subtype and grade of the tumor. Major and minor salivary gland tumors the most frequent tumors originated from the parotid gland 97 benign and 20 malignant, followed the submandibular gland 2 benign and 6 malignant and minor salivary glands benign 3 and malignant 11. Here, we report a case of a 55yearold male patient with massive bcac of palatal minor salivary gland extending into.
Pdf minor salivary gland tumors msgts are infrequent, representing 1015% of all salivary neoplasms. The vitamin d receptor vdr and its ligand 1,25oh2d3 1,25d impact differentiation and exert anti tumor effects in many tissues, but its role in salivary gland has yet to be defined. Most histologic types of salivary gland tumors have been reported in oral cavity minor salivary glands are main site of involvement for some, such as canalicular adenoma, duct adenomas and polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma barnes. Approximately 5% of all salivary gland tumors occur in patients younger than 16 years. Minor salivary glands are a subset of the salivary glands.
More than 30 percent of salivary gland cancers are thought to be this type. Basal cell adenocarcinoma of the minor salivary glands. This could be particularly important for aggressive salivary gland tumors, such as salivary duct carcinoma sdc. Salivary gland tumors tehran university of medical sciences. Most of the malignancies are adenocarcinoma of the parotid. Request pdf major and minor salivary gland tumors malignant salivary gland tumors are rare. Salivary gland cancers malignant salivary gland tumors there are many types of salivary gland cancers. Benign salivary gland tumors most salivary gland tumors are benign that is, they are not cancer and will not spread to other parts of the body. This article will focus on some of the new advances in salivary gland tumor pathology that have a potential for clinical impact. The aim of this project was to examine the distribution of ha and cd44 in minor salivary gland tumors to determine if staining could be correlated with biologic behavior or tumor type.
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common type of salivary gland cancer. To evaluate the role of the ki67 proliferation antigen and cerbb2neu oncogene expression in the clinical assessment of salivary gland tumors, we followed up 71 patients with minor salivary. The minor salivary glands are several hundreds and are located beneath the lining of the lips, tongue, in the roof of the mouth, and inside the cheeks, nose, sinuses, and larynx. The most common site of minor salivary gland tumors of the head and neck is the oral cavity. Minor salivary gland tumors radiology reference article. Minor salivary gland tumors salivary gland pathology. These disease entities are relatively rare, histologically diverse, and may involve several anatomically distinct sites. The ucla experience with minor salivary gland tumors of the lip is presented and contrasted with that of the literature.
Aim to describe demographic and histomorphological characteristics of 9 patients with epithelial salivary gland tumors in the southeastern serbia population. They usually grow slowly and often have a good outcome. Nearly threefourths of salivary gland tumors arise in the parotid gland. Tumors starting in these glands are particularly rare. Salivary gland tumors of the lip jama otolaryngology. The incidence of benign to malignant tumors of the lip does not follow the inverse relationship stated in the axiom that the smaller the salivary gland the greater the probability that a developing tumor will be malignant. Salivary duct carcinoma mucoepidermoid carcinoma incidence most common malignant salivary gland tumor children and adults major and minor salivary glands p k i id 5th t 6th d d 36 peak incidence 5th to 6th decades clinical mass lesion surgical treatment with margins. These tumors are more common in females aged over 40 years. Most small salivary gland tumors begin in the palate roof of the mouth. There are a variety of benign salivary gland tumors, including. Bcac involving palatal minor salivary glands are exceedingly rare, and only 10 cases have been reported in the literature.
Unlike the major salivary glands, these glands are too small to be seen without a microscope. The majority of tumors, both benign and malignant, was localized in the pa. There are also hundreds of small minor salivary glands lining parts of the mouth, nose, and larynx that can be seen only with a microscope. Be able to identify striated ducts of the salivary gland at the light and electron microscope level and correlate the structural features of the constituent cells to the. Cancer of the minor salivary gland is uncommon, the palate is the most common site of minor salivary gland tumors. The standardized incidence of rates of malignant neoplasm derived from major salivary glands and minor salivary glands was reported to be. Surgical excision represents the standard option in the treatment of resectable tumors of both major and minor salivary glands. Benign and malignant salivary gland tumors anticancer research. Minor salivary gland carcinomas of the head and neck are rare cancers with variable clinical behavior. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common tumor in minor salivary glands.
Salivary gland tumors can begin in any of the salivary glands in your mouth, neck or throat. Malignant minor salivary gland tumors of the larynx. Tumors from minor salivary glands are staged according to sccs. Portion of a parotid gland demonstrating multiple foci of sebaceous differentiation. Msgts account for 15% of all salivary gland tumors. Minor salivary gland tumors of the head and neckmemorial. Parotid most common site half develop in minor salivary glands most common malignant oral sgt adenoid cystic carcinoma clinical slowly growing swellings or nodules tenderness, pain, and facial nerve paralysis frequently develop. Salivary glands make saliva, which aids in digestion, keeps your mouth moist and supports healthy teeth. The minor salivary glands consist of 800 small mucussecreting glands located throughout the lining of the oral cavity.
This is the most common type of salivary gland cancer. Salivary gland tumors sgts are usually in the parotid uncommon 5. Who pathology and genetics of head and neck tumors, 1st edition, 2005 p190 view anatomy of oral cavity and salivary glands. The aim of this retrospective study of 56 patients with minor salivary gland tumours msgts of the upper aerodigestive tract is to present demographic features, distribution of tumours as well as methods and results of treatment performed in our institution over a 10year period. Minor salivary glands there are hundreds of minor salivary glands throughout the mouth and the aerodigestive tract.
About 5% of all salivary gland tumors 12% of all malignant tumors age. Hyaluronan ha and cd44 are most likely associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Normal salivary glands are made up of many different kinds of cells, and tumors can start in any of these cell types. The three main pairs of salivary glands are the parotid glands, the sublingual glands, and the submandibular glands.
Of the 22 parotid benign pleo morphic adenomas, 16 were in the superficial lobe. Overall, most salivary gland tumors are benign and can be treated with surgical excision. Types of salivary gland cancer memorial sloan kettering. Tumors of minor salivary gland origin are uncommon, accounting for 23% of all malignant neoplasms of the upper aero digestive tract and less. Approximately 35% to 40% of submandibular tumors, 50% of palate tumors, and 95% to 100% of sublingual gland tumors are malignant. Salivary gland tumours or neoplasms are tumours that form in the tissues of salivary glands. Salivary gland tumors symptoms and causes mayo clinic. The most common malignant minor salivary gland tumors are adenoid cystic 32 %69% and mucoepidermoid 15%35% carcinomas. Salivary gland cancers are named according to which of these cell types they most look like when seen under a microscope. Be able to identify parotid, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands on the basis of histological appearance and by the types of secretion produced by each gland. Signs and symptoms related to major salivary gland tumors differ from those concerning minor salivary gland tumors, as they depend on the different location of the salivary gland. Minor salivary gland tumors in the indian population.
This study explored the incidence, pathology, clinical behavior, and factors predictive of outcomes in a large cohort of patients treated at memorial sloan kettering cancer center over a. Build on previous arrocases for salivary gland tumors. The median age at presentation is usually above 40 years with its incidence increasing with age and more among men 2. Salivary glands anatomy memorial sloan kettering cancer. The major salivary glands consist of the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. Thomas hospital trust, london, uk accepted 20 october 2009. The major and minor salivary glands give rise to a variety of both benign and malignant lesions.
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